On Fedora, biber isn't part of biblatex packaging. Reason for this seams to be that it bring along a lot of perl dependencies (https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=584063).
Luckily there's a copr for biber, http://copr.fedoraproject.org/coprs/cbm/Biber/. To use this, create biber.repo file in /etc/yum.repos.d/ with contents from http://copr.fedoraproject.org/coprs/cbm/Biber/repo/fedora-20-i386/. Seems to be working fine, but it really does bring along those Perl dependencies. Well, disk is cheap.
